| 關 鍵 詞： |
WTO；DSB；條約解釋；解釋方法論；文義解釋；目的解釋；體系解釋；歷史解釋；多元解釋；協調性解釋 |
| 中文摘要： |
本文以世界貿易組織之爭端解決機制對於各項爭端案件之法律解釋為研究對象，討論其法律解釋方法論。從一般國際法之法律解釋規範與具體案例出發，本文列舉世界貿易組織之爭端解決小組與上訴機構運用文義解釋、目的解釋、體系解釋與歷史解釋等例子，說明此等個案衡量之法律解釋方法論取捨，目前缺乏一致性之理論以為說明，而呈現出多元主義之面貌。然而，對於此等解釋方法論之運用，有爭端解決諒解書對於爭端解決機構不得增減世界貿易組織會員權利或義務之外部限制，也有爭端解決機構嘗試尋求相關案例協調性解釋之內部限制。因此，爭端解決機制究竟如何在司法積極主義與司法自制間取得平衡？尚有待觀察。此外，從純粹之法律解釋方法論出發，法律解釋結果之多元應為常態，但如何釐清法律解釋與司法造法之界限，仍有待理論之澄清。
|
| 英文關鍵詞： |
WTO；DSB；Treaty Interpretation；Methodology of Interpretation；Literal Interpretation；Object and Purpose Interpretation；Systematic Interpretation；Historical Interpretation；Pluralistic Interpretation；Harmonious Interpretation |
| 英文摘要： |
This article focuses on the methodology of legal interpretation in the numerous cases in the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Based on the general methodology of Treaty Interpretation in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties and international jurisprudences, it articulates different methods of interpretation, i.e. literal interpretation, object and purpose interpretation, systematic interpretation and historical interpretation, used by the DSB in WTO disputes, to explain that there is no general theory of legal interpretation for the ad hoc deliberation of WTO/DSB, and there appears a tendency of pluralistic interpretation. However, there exists some external limit for the DSB in that the DSB can not add to or diminish the rights and obligations of WTO members according to the Understanding of Dispute Settlement, and some internal limit in that the DSB tries to find a harmonious way for the interpretation for relevant disputes. Therefore, it is still pending to develop some balance between the judicial activism and the self-restraint exigency of the DSB. Besides, when returning back to the perspective of pure interpretation methodology, although it seems normal to be of some pluralistic development, the line between legal interpretation and judicial law-making still appears vague.
|
| 目 次： |
前言
壹、DSB 多元解釋方法之呈現
一、維也納條約法公約之解釋方法
二、DSB 之多元實踐
貳、DSB 多元解釋方法之限制
一、DSU 第 3.2 條與相關案例中之限制
二、法學方法論上的解釋界線
結論
|
| 相關法條： |
 |
| 相關判解： |
|
| 相關函釋： |
|
| 相關論著： |
|