| 關 鍵 詞： |
事業結合；水平結合；垂直結合；多角化結合；單方效果 |
| 中文摘要： |
公平交易法自 1992 年 2 月 4 日施行以來，迄今已逾 30 年，期間雖歷經 8 次修正，其中有 4 次修正涉及事業結合規範。觀諸公平交易法之事業結合規範中，存在諸多不確定法律概念，例如「主要部分」、「共同經營」、「委託經營」、「直接或間接控制」、「業務經營或人事任免」、「整體經濟利益」及「限制競爭之不利益」等法律用語，除透過傳統法學解釋方法釐清其內涵外，如何透過訂定各種行政規則、行政解釋或其他方法，以建立明確之法律適用標準，以避免執法爭議及違法情事之發生，進而完善事業結合之規範體系，實為必須持續關注之課題。
本文先從整理事業結合管制之法制沿革出發，以掌握臺灣典範變遷之脈絡，進而從解釋論之觀點，檢討現行事業結合規範之內容及爭議。此外，恰逢公平交易法施行 30 週年，本文除分析公平交易委員會對於事業結合管制之執法現況，檢視具有代表性之案例，並提出具體建議，作為未來修正事業結合規範及執法之參考。
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| 英文關鍵詞： |
Business Merger；Horizontal Merger；Vertical Merger；Multi-angle Merger；Unilateral Effect |
| 英文摘要： |
It has been more than 30 years since the Fair Trade Act came into effect on February 4, 1992. Although there have been eight amendments during this period, 4 of them are related to business merger regulations. There are many uncertain legal concepts in the business merger norms of the Fair Trade Act, such as “major part of the business or assets”, “operates jointly”, “entrusted management”, “direct or indirect control”, “business operation or the appointment or discharge of personnel”, “overall economic benefit” and “disadvantages resulted from competition restraint”. In addition to clarifying its connotation through traditional legal interpretation methods, how to establish clear legal application standards by formulating various administrative rules, administrative interpretations or other methods to avoid law enforcement disputes and illegal situations, and then improve the normative system for business merger, is a subject that must be continuously paid attention to.
This article begins with sorting out the legal evolution of business merger regulation in order to grasp the context of the paradigm shift in Taiwan, and then reviews the content and controversy of the current business merger norm from the point of view of hermeneutics. Besides, coinciding with the 30th anniversary of the Fair Trading Act, this article will not only analyze the current state of the Fair Trade Commission’s enforcement of business merger regulations, review representative cases, and make specific recommendations as a reference for future revisions to business merger regulations and enforcement.
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| 目 次： |
一、楔子
二、事業結合管制之法制沿革
（一）1999 年 2 月 3 日之修正
（二）2002 年 2 月 6 日之修正
（三）2015 年 2 月 4 日之修正
（四）2017 年 6 月 14 日之修正
三、事業結合規範之內容
（一）事業結合之定義及型態
（二）事業結合之申報門檻及認定
（三）申報義務之免除類型
（四）事業結合申報審查制度
四、事業結合管制之執法分析
（一）公平會之執法成就
（二）錢櫃公司與好樂迪公司結合申報案
（三）燁聯公司與唐榮公司結合申報案
（四）統一公司與維力公司結合申報案
五、事業結合管制之展望
（一）附款體制之運用
（二）多重管制機關之協調機制
六、結論
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