| 關 鍵 詞: |
原住民人權;文化遺產;自我決定權;傳統知識;事前告知同意;惠益分享 |
| 中文摘要: |
本文嘗試連結國際人權法對原住民權利保障之發展趨勢與近年來備受矚目之傳統知識法律保護課題,指出原住民文化遺產保護問題不僅是原住民人權保障之核心,亦與傳統知識法律保護問題息息相關,因此應在相關脈絡下建構共同規範基礎。本文內容除引介聯合國有關原住民權利保護之條約與宣言外,並分析生物多樣性公約、世界智慧財產權組織以及世界貿易組織中與原住民權利及文化遺產保護有關之制度發展與未來趨勢。本文之研究指出,雖然聯合國相關條約(例如 ILO 第一六九號公約)明確標舉原住民應享有之國際人權內涵,但既有之國際規範實未能保障原住民之權利,主權國家在國際規範上受保障之主體地位仍使原住民之需求受到嚴重忽視。本文最後提出落實在地行動之觀點,強調國內立法規範具有相當之必要性與急迫性,以因應當前原住民文化快速流失及族群認同意識面臨之嚴重威脅。
|
| 英文關鍵詞: |
human rights of indigenous peoples;cultural heritage;self- determination;traditional knowledge;prior informed consent;benefit-sharing |
| 英文摘要: |
This article makes effort to link the international human rights for indigenous peoples and the legal protection for traditional knowledge together. It points out that protection for indigenous cultural heritage is very essential for their human rights, and also has much to do with traditional knowledge. The related regulatory framework should be constructed hand in hand. Accordingly, this article introduces several treaties and declaration for indigenous peoples’ human rights, and then analyzes those issues concerning indigenous peoples in CBD, WIPO and WTO. Although there has been several human rights recognized in international law, especially in UN, indigenous peoples still suffer from inferior situation around the world. This article suggests that more domestic legislations are urgently needed, in response to the threat that much indigenous cultural heritage has kept running off.
|
| 目 次: |
壹、前言 貳、原住民及其文化遺產之國際法地位 一、原住民之國際法地位及其權利 二、原住民文化遺產之特性 三、從國際法論保護文化遺產之目的 參、傳統知識與原民文化保護之國際現況 一、生物多樣性公約架構下之規範建構 二、世界智慧財產權組織之研討活動 三、世界貿易組織內之國際歧見 四、區域性合作之發展進程 肆、文化遺產法律保護之制度展望 一、智財權保護之困難與因應 二、自我決定權之理念與難題 三、從全球思考到在地行動 伍、結論
|
| 相關法條: |
 |
| 相關判解: |
 |
| 相關函釋: |
 |
| 相關論著: |
 |