| 關 鍵 詞： |
警告函；不正競爭；智慧財產權；營業權；商標；發明專利；新型；專利權濫用；營業毀謗；反托拉斯法 |
| 中文摘要： |
有關智慧財產權侵害警告函之規範，有甚多法制先進國家正在熱烈探討此一問題當中，包括德國聯邦最高法院第一民庭在 2004 年希望對德國之傳統見解加以改變，但德國聯邦最高法院大民庭在 2005 年決定維持傳統見解而引起諸多批評聲音。美國法雖同時以不正競爭防止法與反托拉斯法規範濫發智慧財產權侵害警告函之行為，但最近則有較傾向使用不正競爭防止法處理警告函之趨勢。然而，美國文獻卻多數仍集中在反托拉斯法規範之討論，尚乏對美國有關警告函之不正競爭判例作有系統介紹之文章。本文區分以反托拉斯法規範途徑與以不正競爭防止法規範途徑來加以探討，並將美國重要之不正競爭案加以整理、類型化後，予以歸納分析，然後以之與德國法作比較。最後本文建議，警告函之簽發是否構成不正競爭行為，應區分智慧財產權類型而考量其不同特性，並根據被警告人為製造商或其製造品之購買者之不同，個案地根據警告時之週遭情況綜合判斷之，而不宜過於僵化地處理。
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| 英文關鍵詞： |
Infringement notice；Unfair competition；Intellectual property；Business；Trademark；Patent；Utility model；Patent misuse；Commercial disparagement；Antitrust |
| 英文摘要： |
In practice, an intellectual property right infringement notice, be it called stop-and-resist letter or not, is often encountered by competitors. Some of them are bone fide allegations of right, some of them unfair competition measures. In order to regulate this unfair competition, some countries use unfair competition law, some countries use antitrust law. The former approach tries to control the quality of competition, the latter approach tries to foster the quantity of competition. The effectiveness of these approaches and the fair equilibrium of protection for intellectual property right owners and alleged infringers are being hotly debated in the United States, Germany, and Taiwan. This article analyzes the recent developments in German law and American Law, and makes a comparative study of these two legal systems on the issue. The research result is then used to make some suggestions for Taiwanese law.
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| 目 次： |
一、前言
二、智慧財產權侵害警告函所涉及之考量因素
三、智慧財產權侵害警告函所涉及之考量因素
四、以不正競爭防止法規範途徑
五、美國法與德國法之比較
六、結論
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