| 關 鍵 詞： |
歐盟廢棄物處理法；再利用措施；最終處置措施；再利用與最終處置措施之區分；以再利用之名行最終處置之實；共同燃燒 |
| 中文摘要： |
近三十多年來歐盟在環境法規的立法建制上進展神速，幾乎在各個領域都建立了體系性的規範架構，在廢棄物處理方面也不例外。本文目的即在描繪歐盟廢棄物處理法制的現況以及未來的發展。本文首先介紹歐盟相關重要規範的基本輪廓，進而就歐盟「如何區分再利用與最終處置措施」此一議題有深入的探討。由於近年來在歐盟充斥「以再利用之名行最終處置之實」的現象，因此如何確立有效的區分標準、如何阻止廢棄物繼續假借再利用之名跨越國界，流向明顯較不環保的處理途徑，深受注目。就此，歐洲共同體法院晚近的四個相關判決意義重大。而執委會近年來發布的公告和歐盟立法動向除了持續處理此一議題之外，也戮力解決其他重要的課題。本文末了並嘗試藉由這些歐盟經驗對我國法制提出個人淺見。
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| 英文關鍵詞： |
EU Waste Management Law；Recovery Operations；Disposal Operations；the Differentiation between Recovery Operations and Disposal Operations；Disposal Operations in the Name of Recovery Operations；Co-Incineration |
| 英文摘要： |
The legislation establishment of environment laws in European Union (EU) progresses rapidly for the last three decades. Constitutional structures of norms establish almost on every aspect and on the management of waste as well. The purpose of this article is to depict the current regulations and future development of this management. First, this article introduces the basic scope of relevant important regulations in EU and further discusses upon thfe issue of "the differentiation between recovery operations and disposal operations". Due to the fact that waste is very often dealt with "disposal operations" in the name of "recovery operations" among countries in EU; hence, much more effective standards of differentiation are needed in order to stop the waste from going across national barriers and finally being disposed by less earth-friendly management procedures. The problem is now attracting a lot of attention and is also the reason why the latest four relevant verdicts of the Court of Justice of European Communities so significant. The Communications published by the European Commission these years and the Commission's law-making continue to work on this issue and other important problems too. In the end, within the article the writer tries to give out some humble opinions for our country through these European experiences.
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| 目 次： |
壹、引言
貳、歐盟廢棄物處理之基本規範
一、總則篇
二、危險廢棄物
三、廢棄物之運送
四、焚燒廢棄物
（一）焚燒城市廢棄物
（二）焚燒危險廢棄物
（三）晚近的整併規範
五、廢棄物掩埋
六、整合的污染防治規範
七、規範個別物質或個別產品類型之特別法
參、最終處置和再利用的區分
一、問題的提出
二、現行法之規範
三、新近實務見解
（一）歐體法院之判決：劃分能源再利用（energetischer Verwertung）和旨在最終處置之焚燒處理（thermische Behandlung zur Beseitigung）
（二）歐體法院對於廢棄物運送規章之判決
肆、歐盟廢棄物處理法制當前的發展
一、執委會二○○三年公布之「廢棄物避免和循環之策略」
二、執委會二○○三年提出的廢棄物運送規章修改草案
三、新的廢棄物運送規章
四、執委會二○○五年底公布之廢棄物避免和循環之策略：「永續資源利用的持續發展」
五、執委會二○○五年底提出的廢棄物架構指令修改草案
伍、結語並兼論歐盟相關法制對於台灣之啟發
一、廢棄物（質）之概念與分類
二、關於焚燒
（一）是「最終處置」還是「再利用」？
（二）比較我國和歐盟關於廢棄物焚燒基本規範之異同
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