| 關 鍵 詞： |
全球暖化；氣候變遷；氣候變化綱要公約；京都議定書；本益分析；國際貿易法；國際環境法；補貼暨平衡措施協定 |
| 中文摘要： |
面對日益嚴重之全球暖化問題，本文從全球氣候變化綱要公約（UNFCCC）與京都議定書之規範出發，討論美國與歐盟為何對於京都議定書之規範有不同之立場；美國基於本益分析，認為開發中國家未負相當義務，美國之經濟將受傷害而不願加入京都議定書，而歐盟卻基於國際環境衡平原則，積極進行溫室氣體排放減量與進行對開發中國家之財務與技術援助。美國此一作法，引發相關國際人權保護與國際間分配正義之討論。此外，美國此一作法，也可能引發貿易與環境互動議題中 WTO 下 SCM 協定之適用。但歐盟採行之歐體內國家排放權交易之具體實踐（德國之無償排放權交易）也可能引發 SCM 之爭議。本文最後以前述為借鏡，簡短討論臺灣未來在全球暖化議題應有之角色與因應策略。
|
| 英文關鍵詞： |
Global warming；Climate change；UNFCCC；Kyoto Protocol；Cost-benefit analysis；International Trade Law；SCM Agreement |
| 英文摘要： |
Facing the more and more serious problem of global warming, this article tries to analyses the different positions toward this possible catastrophe and the UNFCCC/ Kyoto Protocol between the United States and the European Union. Based on the cost-benefit analysis, the US thought that joining the Kyoto Mechanism would do harm to their economy, because in this mechanism the developing countries wouldn’t bear any obligations; on the contrary, based on the principle of equity in international law of environment, the EU has positively engaged to the delimitation of the emission of greenhouse gas, and has tried to provide technical and financial assistance to the developing countries. The position of the US provokes some problem of conformities to international protection of human rights and international distributive justice. Besides, it would also intrigue the possibleuse of the SCM agreement in the WTO system. However, the intra-EU trade of emission unit, especially the free transaction system in Germany, would be subject to the SCM Agreement, too. In conclusion, we could learn a lot from the American and the European experience for the future construction of the Taiwanese policies and strategies toward the global warming.
|
| 目 次： |
壹、前言：全球暖化、溫室效應與氣候變遷概述
貳、聯合國氣候變化綱要公約與京都議定書簡介
參、美國與歐盟對於京都議定書之不同立場：現象與解析
肆、WTO「補貼暨平衡措施協定」與氣候變化公約/京都議定書之互動關係
伍、結論：兼論我國因應之道
|
| 相關法條： |
 |
| 相關判解： |
|
| 相關函釋： |
|
| 相關論著： |
|