| 關 鍵 詞： |
違法性；不法；結果反價值；行為反價值 |
| 中文摘要： |
在犯罪三階層體系之下，犯罪是具備構成要件該當性、違法性及有責性之行為。在檢視行為是否具備違法性時，應以形式、實質兩方面去檢驗。違反形式上之刑法（法規）時，有形式違法性；違反實質上之法（規範）時，有實質違法性。兩者皆具備時，行為才具有違法性。
實質違法性涉及刑法保護客體、非價的基礎等重要課題，是犯罪論之核心概念。就結構而言，有主觀違法論與客觀違法論之爭。實質上有，有物的不法論與人的不法論之爭。論爭的重心在於違法．不法究竟是因為行為本身而不法，或因為行為所造成之客觀「結果」而不法。依各該論者所認為的刑法保護客體的不同，又有法益體系與倫理體系的不法論之分。本文逐一介紹後，為理論的辯證。
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| 英文關鍵詞： |
Criminal Illegality；Subjective Unrechtslehre；Objective Unrechtslehre |
| 英文摘要： |
The crime in terms of criminal law is an act composed with Tatbestandmassigkeit (statutory element), Rechtswidrigkeit (criminality) and Schuld (obligatory). The statutory element regulates the constitutive elements of the respective crime, which is strictly subject to the principles of statutory requirement, i.e., the standard of respective act and the principle of adjudication should be statutory. Nevertheless it would be stringent to contemplate the standard of the statutory element, which is the hardcore of the criminal theory.
The statutory element constitutes as the indivisible general elements of the respective crimes, which involves the issues over the material criminal illegality (Materielle Rechtswidrigkeit). There exists two aspects of material illegality. One is to focus upon the subject, pertaining to the subjective illegality theory (subjective Unrechtslehre), another is to focus on the infringement, pertaining to the objective illegality theory (objective Unrechtslehre). Subsequent theories are then developed to include the personal illegality theory which is based upon the personal act against general social value, and the consequential illegality theory based on the objective illegality of the respective crime, and finally the dualism composing the above two mainstreams.
An appropriate formulae then will be selected with functional perspectives contemplating the above theories.
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| 目 次： |
壹、緒論
貳、主觀違法性論與客觀違法性論
參、結果反價值與行為反價值
肆、物的不法論與人的不法論
伍、理論選擇
陸、結論
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