| 關 鍵 詞： |
研究基礎設施；歐盟研究基礎設施聯盟；生物銀行及生物分子資源研究基礎設施；產業創新條例 |
| 中文摘要： |
自 2005 年揭示研究基礎設施（Research Infrastractures，RIs）乃為強化傳統知識金三角所涉及之創新、教育和研究等三要素中主要活動者間（就是人員、教育和產業）之重要聯結起，歐盟為了要發展世界級卓越研究，從此開啟歐盟地區 RIs 更新與建置。歐盟透過「第 7 期研發計畫」（The Seventh Framework Programme，FP7）及「歐洲研究基礎設施策略論壇」（European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastractures，ESFRI），分別從「資金面」及「政策面」協助建置 RIs，並希望能協助促進目前由各國各自建立與經營零散的 RIs、能「化零為整」整合為為大型 RIs，讓 RIs 效益與資源做最大化使用。然而歐盟在發展 RIs 過程中，發覺若要建置跨國性、大規模之 RIs，其法律地位若不確定，則很難有效自立營運與管理，為解決此難題，歐盟遂於去（2010）年提案通過 RIs 得申請設立為「歐盟研究基礎設備聯盟」（European Research Infrastructure Consortium，ERIC）之規則，讓未來經核准設立者可取得法律人格，享有不受採購規範限制、享有稅負豁免權利等優惠。目前歐盟方面已籌備擬將「生物銀行及生物分子資源研究基礎機構」（Biobanking and Biomolecular Resources Research Infrastructure， BBMRI）申請為首個 ERIC，希望藉此統合歐盟境內各生物資料庫。此外，歐盟未來也將朝讓非歐盟國家及產業等私部門皆得適用 ERIC 法律架構方向評估。而我國對於歐盟在生技醫療、綠色能源、燃料電池、資通訊或其他新興科技領域向下扎根、建設大型 ERIC 之動作，未來如仍期待在特定科技領域維持領先或抗衡，則有必要思考能做什麼及該做什麼以為因應。
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| 英文關鍵詞： |
Research Infrastractures；European Research Infrastructure Consortium；Biobanking and Biomolecular Resources Research Infrastructure；Statute for Industrial Innovation |
| 英文摘要： |
Recognised that Research infrastructures (RIs) are at the centre of the knowledge triangle of research, education and innovation and play an increasingly important role in the advancement of knowledge and technology, the EU began to finance for the establishments of RIs by its Framework Programmes (FPs) since the start of FP2 of 1987. On the other hand, the EU also assigned the European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures (ESFRI) to develop a coherent and strategy-led approach to policy-making on RIs between Member States and to facilitate the better use and development of RIs at EU and international level. Based on those efforts, the European Commission understood that a major difficulty in setting up RIs between EU countries is the lack of an adequate legal framework allowing the creation of appropriate partnerships and proposed a legal framework for a European research infrastructure adapted to the needs of such facilities. The new legal framework for a European Research Infrastructure Consortium (ERIC) entered into force on 28 August 2009. An successfully-set-up ERIC will have the legal personality based on EU law, and can benefit from exemptions from VAT and excise duty in all EU Member States and may adopt its own procurement procedures to get rid of the EU's public procurement procedures. It is predicted that the Biobanking and Biomolecular Resources Research Infrastructure (BBMRI) will apply to become a BBMRI-ERIC in the near future. The EU also seeks to lead in Energy, Food and Biology through the reforms of ERICs to assist the high quality of activities of European scientists and attract the best researchers from around the world. Contrast with the EU's advance, it is necessary to our government to concentrate and contemplate whether it is the time to reconsider if our existing legal instruments available to domestic research facilities and infrastractions are sufficient enough to reach our science and technology development goals.
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| 目 次： |
壹、前言
貳、從研究基礎設施（RIs）到歐盟研究基礎設施聯盟（ERIC）
一、研究基礎設施之成立、目標與運作
（一）第 7 期架構計畫（FP7）下能力計畫與 RIs
（二）歐洲研究基礎設施策略論壇與 RIs
二、歐盟研究基礎設施聯盟之法律架構、功能及應用
（一）設立依據
（二）規則與條件
（三）主要特點參、歐盟研究基礎設施聯盟預備案例及未來方向
一、生物銀行及生物分子資源研究基礎設施（BBMRI）
（一）設立背景
（二）發展狀況
二、未來發展方向
（一）建議歐盟研擬執行智慧財產政策與保護之指導原則
（二）建議歐盟研議促進非歐盟國家及產業等私部門參與之法律架構
肆、我國就概念之借鏡與檢討
（一）有關提升研究設施設備法律地位促其法律主體化方面
（二）從歐盟 BBMRI-ERIC 看我國人體生物資料庫發展條件
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