| 關 鍵 詞： |
行政處分；裁量決定；行政處分附款；不當聯結禁止原則；公平交易法；結合管制；限制競爭；協商之行政行為；細膩調控；行政彈性；承諾之附款 |
| 中文摘要： |
行政處分附款制度旨在使行政機關在個案中得以為更細膩之調控，兼籌並顧人民權益保障與行政目的之實現。在我國現行法秩序下，除行政程序法第 93 條及第 94 條針對行政處分附款附加之法容許性及合法性要件定有一般規範外，在行政法律關係複雜、涉及層面寬廣，或是具有未來預測性之專業行政領域，亦存有若干行政處分附款之特別規定。公平交易法第 12 條第 2 項賦予公平會於結合管制時得以附加條件或負擔，以確保事業結合後「整體經濟利益大於限制競爭之不利益」，即屬適例。然行政機關在實踐此深具傳統意義之機制時，本文認為仍存有若干頗值檢討之處，諸如對於附款概念之掌握及界分未盡精確；對於附加附款時所涉及之權力分立問題，未有充分之關注；將人民承諾事項逕行轉換為附款之內容，而未再依職權審查是否具備正當合理關聯等。就此，本文之基本立場為：附款之概念因涉及行政法體系之維繫，故仍應嚴遵行政法學所建構之理解內涵，不宜輕意鬆動變易。此外，基於權力分立及法律優位原則之捍衛，行政機關不應透過附款可限制主行政處分效力之手段特性，架空立法者已形塑之違章行為管制架構。相較於此，有鑑於行政決定周邊條件之變遷，本文認為「協商行政」理念可適度導入傳統上被劃歸為典型單方行政行為之行政處分附款中，而在不違背不當聯結禁止原則之前提下，肯定有「承諾之附款」的發展空間。
|
| 英文關鍵詞： |
Administrative Dispositions；Discretion；Incidental Provisions of Administrative Dispositions；Imperative of Proper and Reasonable Relevance；The Fair Trade Law；Merger Control；Restraint of Competition；Negotiating Administrative Act；Fine Control；Administrative Flexibility；Incidental Provisions by Promise |
| 英文摘要： |
The Incidental Provisions of Administrative Dispositions is designed to enable Administrative organ in the case of finer control, for synchronizing the protection of Civil Rights as well as the exercise of administrative purposes. Under lex lata order in Taiwan that in addition to Article 93 and 94 of the Administrative Procedure Act which specified the general guideline of permissibility and elements of legitimacy to the Incidental Provisions of Administrative Dispositions, there are still numerous special regulations of Incidental Provisions of Administrative Dispositions when it is under a complex administrative legal relationship, involving broader level, or that it provides with predictability in the field of professional administrative cases. A good example is the Fair Trade Law that Article 12, Paragraph 2 confers of the Fair Trade Committee of the Executive Yuan to attach conditions or require undertakings in any of the decisions it makes on merger controls in order to「ensure that the overall economic benefit of the merger outweighs the disadvantages resulted from restraint of competition.」In this editorial, however, re-evaluates the above mentioned traditional practices of administrative mechanism in 3 aspects: 1) The meticulousness of cognition as well as classification of Incidental Provisions 2) The competence on pertaining to Separation of Powers in adding Incidental Provisions. 3) The righteous bond of transforming people's commitment into the content of the clause.
Thus, the standpoint of this editorial is that the Administrative Dispositions should be firmly compiled along with the contents constructed by administrative philosophy because of its involvement of the bonding amongst administrative legislation system. Moreover, considering guarding the principles of separation of powers and legal superior position, administrative organ must not invalidate the control system that legislators had constructed through such characteristic feature of attaching provisions to restrain administrative dispositions. In comparison, respecting the fact that surrounding conditions of administrative decision has shifted over time, it is appropriate to introduce the concept of “Administrative Negotiations” into incidental provisions, which were traditionally categorized as typical unilateral administrative actions. Provided that the principle of imperative of proper and reasonable relevance is not violated, the development of 「committed provision」is surely foreseeable.
|
| 目 次： |
一、問題之提出－以大富媒體結合案為思考
二、附款之概念、沿革及功能
三、行政處分附款法制之實踐－以事業結合管制為例
四、行政處分附款法制之現況檢討及變革趨勢
五、結論
|
| 相關法條： |
 |
| 相關判解： |
|
| 相關函釋： |
|
| 相關論著： |
|