關 鍵 詞: |
民間參與;公私協力;擔保國家;委託公務員;行政委託;投資契約;BOT;PPP |
中文摘要: |
最高法院近日作成 99 年度臺上字第 4920 號刑事判決,針對 BOT 契約關係中,若政府投資部分依系爭獎參條例相關法令交由民間機構一併辦理(興建)時,提出民間機構是否因此居於受政府依法令委託之地位,而有受委託行使政府權限有關公共事務?從而民間機構之承辦人是否因此居於(刑法上)委託公務員之地位?等疑義。本文一方面論述民間參與之目的與法理,在於政府與民間機構間重新界定其角色地位並明確劃分責任之思想,且許可民間機構基於私人地位執行公共任務,另一方面自系爭獎參條例相關法令之分析,以及參酌機關權限、權限委託之法理等加以論述剖析後,本文認為,民間參與案件類型中之 BOT 案件,由政府投資非自償部分公共建設且由民間機構辦理該政府投資部分,民間機構依法令許可即有自己辦理之法源依據,民間機構辦理該工程,屬自己之行為,無關政府興建權限。民間機構不論所為是工程之招標或興建,並非受政府權限之委託或委任之行使,亦非政府之助手,政府與民間機構間在法律效果上也並無權限或辦理名義上之移轉與關聯。政府只依法令及所因此訂立之契約對民間機構就政府投資範圍有付款之責,並就投資範圍之公共建設,如同其他自償部分建設般對民間機構為監督與控管。從而,民間機構之承辦人也不因此居於受委託行使政府興建權限有關事項之地位,既非行政受託人,亦應非刑法上委託公務員之地位。
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英文關鍵詞: |
Private Participation;BOT;PPP;public private partnerships;public officer |
英文摘要: |
The Criminal Division of the Supreme Court has recently made the judgement that presents the following issues: when the authority invest in part of the construction in the so-called Kaohsiung Mass Rapid Transit BOT project and, according to the BOT contract, private institution is allowed to be responsible for the construction of this public invested part, whether the private institution is mandated by the authority to construct the invested part? And should the employee of private institution be therefore deemed as a public officer under criminal law? This paper discusses these legal issues of the above mentioned Supreme Court criminal judgement. According to the theory of public private partnerships and the analysis of related provisions of the Law for Promotion of Private Participation in Infrastructure Projects, this paper finds that, under the BOT contract, the construction of private institution in a BOT project, even when it concerns the construction of the invested part of the authority, is purely a private economic conduct, and is not based on the mandate of the authority. Meanwhile, the employee of private institution should not be deemed as a public officer under criminal law.
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目 次: |
壹、前言 一、案件歷程 二、原審和最高法院判決見解 三、爭點所在與民間參與法制之關聯 貳、解析 一、民間參與法制中民間機構之地位-自其理論基礎與類型化觀察 二、獎參條例所形成民間參與法制中民間機構及其承辦人之地位-以 BOT 模式為中心 參、結語
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