關 鍵 詞: |
商業保證;公司保證;保證;保證保險;保固保險 |
中文摘要: |
商業化找保衍生自保證制度,係源自英美兩國且流行於美國特有之商業擔保制度,其諸多特性與保險不同,本不宜予相提並論,惟其早期發展過程中意外地可由保險業經營並沿襲至今,詎因我國保險業不察其與保險之差異,率爾以保險型態引進,引起保險適法性之爭議多時。本文透過歷史追源、制度與特性分析,指出其保險化適法性有困難之處,並歸納出產生問題之根源,在於兩種契約主、客體有根本差異,以致於商業化找保難相容於保險法律規範。
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英文關鍵詞: |
surety bond;corporate suretyship;surety;bond insurance;maintenance insurance |
英文摘要: |
Surety bond is a kind of corporate suretyship, which originated from England and existed in the United States since eighteenth century. Since its properties are obviously different from those of insurance, no one can discuss it in parallel with insurance. Due to historical accident, the insurers in the States were chartered to operate it with other insurance lines about one hundred and fifty years ago. Unfortunately, the insurers in Taiwan learned it from those of the States and nominally operate it as an insurance line, so called"bond insurance". Such an operation has been against Insurance Law of Taiwan when the insurers issue the policies. In this paper, we will figure out the points where the bond insurance is disqualified as an insurance line from the viewpoint of insurance law, through historical retrospect and analysis of system, properties of surety bond, and also insurance principles. Further, wealso will point out the reasonsthat the surety bond is disqualified as an insurance basically from the differences of subject and object of a contract between bond and insurance.
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目 次: |
壹、問題背景 貳、保證制度來源的探討 一、保證制度的源起 二、保證契約主體的變革 參、找保的商業化 一、忠誠保證的誕生 二、商業保證制度的崛起 三、商業保證的經營對象 肆、商業保證制度在台灣 一、商業保證的引入 二、保證保險的立法及其影響 伍、保險化在法律上所造成衝突 一、契約義務人為要保人兼被保險人 二、契約權利人為要保人兼被保險人 三、契約義務人為要保人,權利人為被保險人 四、契約權利人為要保人,義務人為被保險人 五、契約義務人為要保人,權利人既非要保人,亦非被保險人 六、契約義務人為被保險人,權利人既非要保人,亦非被保險人 七、契約權利人為要保人,義務人既非要保人,亦非為被保險人 八、契約權利人為被保險人,義務人既非要保人,亦非被保險人 陸、尋找商業保證不適於保險化之問題根源 一、契約主體之比較 二、契約客體之比較 柒、商業保證保險化爭議評論 一、關於當事人對象的爭議 二、關於保險費率結構的爭議 三、關於損失形成原因的爭議 四、關於代位求償對象的爭議 捌、商業保證保險化額外衍生問題之探討 玖、結論與建議
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