| 關 鍵 詞: |
感恩;幸福;正向心理學 |
| 中文摘要: |
感恩是一切善行美德的泉源,具有普世價值;正向心理學家證實感恩是個人心靈超越的特質,是快樂與否的重要元素;而國小階段,6-12 歲的學齡兒童,恰是人格最佳型塑期,透過感恩課程的學習,讓學生涵養感恩的修為,適足以醫治溺愛症候群,獲得快樂幸福的關鍵密碼,值得探究推行。 本文從哲學文化、宗教、正向心理學等不同背景,探討感恩意涵;其次從道德情感觀點、認知情緒理論、拓展建構理論分析其學說基礎,並進一步確認感恩的價值後,提出國小感恩教育的可行策略,以為教育工作者參考使用。
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| 英文關鍵詞: |
gratitude;well-being;positive psychology |
| 英文摘要: |
Gratitude is the source of all the virtues and contains universal value. Recent studies in positive psychology has proved that gratitude is not only a personal mental quality, but also an important element of being happy. Gratitude is best to be shape for children at the age of 6-12-yearsold, especially through learning gratitude courses. Researches also confirm that acquiring the feeling of gratitude can heal common characters of being spoiled among children of this period of time. The healing is certainly an assurance for them to live later on in their life in well-being. Hence, learning gratitude is a worthwhile practice in one’s life. This paper discusses the meaning of gratitude from many points of view including philosophy, culture, religion, and psychology in order to reach a distinct view. Then the paper will further take ideas from theories of moral emotion, cognitive emotion, and the broaden-and-build theory to expand the construction of the idea of gratitude. After confirming values of gratitude, it suggests some methods to exercise gratitude in daily life which is referred to by educators in their teachings.
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| 目 次: |
壹、前言 貳、感恩的意涵 一、感恩來自純然的善意動機 二、感恩源起人際互動關係與宗教信仰 三、感恩範圍含括喜樂順境與悲苦逆境 四、感恩激發溫暖的正向力量 參、感恩的理論基礎 一、道德情感觀點 二、認知情緒理論 三、拓展建構理論 肆、感恩的價值 一、感恩帶來正向情緒,構築生命意涵 二、感恩激發行善動機,促成良善循環 三、感恩增進同理信任,維持良好關係 四、感恩降低憂鬱程度,迎接生命陽光 五、感恩促進抗壓韌性,改善身心健康 六、感恩提升紓困勇氣,激發希望活力 七、感恩豐富生活,洋溢幸福美感 伍、感恩教育之相關研究 陸、學校推動感恩教育的可行策略 一、營造校園感恩文化,發揮優質影響力 二、研發「感恩教育」教材教法,活潑學習形式 三、指導學生實踐感恩行為的方法 四、選拔感恩楷模 五、辦理感恩故事徵文、感恩經驗攝影比賽 六、布置感恩環境,做視覺提醒 七、建立「感恩教育」資訊平台,促進分享交流 八、進行感恩行動研究 柒、結語
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