| 關 鍵 詞： |
消費者保護法；消費者保護；憲法；行政監督；定型化契約 |
| 中文摘要： |
傳統上，國家與社會二元分立原則一直支配著法律體系，而國家往往扮演一個補充性的角色。但是國家應介入人民的經濟生活到何種程度，則有待討論。而在經濟生活上，私法自治與契約自由亦屬基本權保障之列。此一範圍，國家原則上尊重人民之决定，僅在程序不公平時加以介入，例如民法當中受詐欺、脅迫等之意思表示效力爲何的問題。而在實質面上我國法傳承德國法的立法例，並不介入。然而，現今的經濟生活已非民法立法之初所可比擬，市場經濟發展之下，企業經營者與一般民眾間之經濟地位已日趨不平等，一般民眾幾乎無所謂的契約自由可言。因此，消費者保護運動興起。例如對于定型化契約的管制，即在此一脉絡下被探究。另一方面，我國消費者保護法另設有行政監督之規範，該規範原作爲補充性之規定，但近年來由于消費者案件層出不窮，因此，行政機關在消費者保護上更趨積極用心。而各縣市政府利用消費者保護法中所設立之消費者保護官，以及所掌之權限，進行行政監督個案甚多，但比較起定型化契約之規制，行政監督規範更直接使國家介入人民之生活，因此，有必要從憲法面向就消費者保護之機制加以檢視，以確保其合憲性。
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| 英文關鍵詞： |
Consumer Protection Law；Consumer Protection；Constitution；Administrative Supervision；Standardized Contracts |
| 英文摘要： |
For a long time domination dualism of state and society the legal system. It means the separation of state and society. In the economic area, the state plays minor role.
Autonomy of private law in this area is the most important principle. But under capitalism the status of consumers and business operators have been unequal. So we have Consumer Protection Act. The most important control measure is the regulation of standardized Contracts and Administrative Supervision.
According to the Consumer Protection Act, “consumers” means those who enter into transactions, use goods or accept services for the purpose of consumption. “Business operators” means those who are engaged in the business of designing, producing, manufacturing, importing or distributing goods, or providing services.
According to Article 17, the competent authorities at the central government level may designate certain industries, and set forth by public notice the mandatory and prohibitory provisions of standard contracts to be used by them. Articles of standard contracts in violation of the publicly posted standard contracts set forth in the preceding paragraph shall be null and void, and the validity of such contract shall be governed by the provisions of the preceding Article. Competent authorities may at any time dispatch officials to audit standard contracts used by business operators. Chapter IV of Consumer Protection Act provides administrative supervision measures. However, there are constitutional issues here.
Constitution gives the people a variety of rights. These rights will also have different functions. Early on the function of people's rights is discussed only for the problem of subjective. Because the objective function of people’s rights, the state must protect the rights of the people, not just to avoid the infringement of rights of the people. This is called the State duty to protect. To be discussed is how the two peoples of the countries want to maintain balance.
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| 目 次： |
壹、前言
貳、消費者保護法的行政監督權
一、定型化契約的調控
二、行政監督的規定
參、營業自由與消費者權益保障
一、基本權之客觀保護義務
二、營業自由與財產自由的問題
三、小結－消費者保護法與基本權保障之審查
肆、消費者保護法與基本權的保護義務
一、定型化契約的管制與私法自治
二、行政監督規範的審視
三、消費者保護法中罰則之性質與解釋
伍、結語
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