| 關 鍵 詞： |
國家保護義務；敵意併購；金融控股公司法；金融控股公司；比例原則 |
| 中文摘要： |
傳統上，國家與社會二元分立原則一直支配著法律體系，而國家往往扮演一個補充性的角色。但是國家應介入人民的經濟生活到何種程度，則仍有待討論。而國家對於金融市場之穩定，以及消費者之權益，因此負有一定之義務。在此即為國家對於民眾經濟生活之保護義務，但為保障一部分之民眾權益，即應限制他人之權利，其界限為何有待探究。此處涉及到的原則為禁止過度侵害，另一方面則是禁止保護不足。除此之外，由於二次金改之弊案，金融控股公司法有了相應的修正，其中第 36 條除了要求進行轉投資須主管機關核可，在核准前之投資行為所取得之股份更有無表決權等規定，國家以如此嚴峻之法律規範介入人民經濟生活，令人質疑。
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| 英文關鍵詞： |
Protective Obligation；Financial Holding Company Act；Financial Holding；Hostile Merge；the Principle of Proportionality |
| 英文摘要： |
Article 36 of the Financial Holding Company Act: A financial holding company may apply to the Competent Authority for approval to invest Financial holding companies; Banking enterprises; Bills finance enterprises; Credit card businesses; Trust enterprises esc. Except in the case where a financial enterprise makes investment in accordance with the laws and regulations governing the industry the financial enterprise belongs to, a financial holding company and its directly or indirectly controlled affiliates shall not engage in any investment activity they apply for before it is approved by the Competent Authority.
And Violators of the preceding provision shall be subject to fines pursuant to Article 62 herein, and the shares acquired by the violator thereof either before or after the amendment of the Act, shall not carry voting rights and shall not be counted in the total shares issued. In addition, the Competent Authority should order the violating financial holding company to dispose the unlawful investment within a prescribed period of time. On the other Hand, because of the Protective Obligation of the State the State must take certain measures to protect the stability of financial markets. The problem is how to implement the obligation to protect. Here is related to the requirements of the principle of proportionality and the prohibition of inadequate protection. This article is discussed from this point of view the issue Article 36 of the Financial Holding Company Act.
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| 目 次： |
壹、前言
貳、基本權的客觀效力與國家保護義務
一、基本權的功能
二、國家保護義務的形成
參、客觀保護義務之限制
一、客觀保護義務主觀化的 難題
二、不足禁止原則與過度禁止之要求
三、不足禁止的推論
四、小結
肆、經濟法中國家保護義務的具體運用
一、概念界定
二、金融控股公司法第 36 條規定
三、憲法上之基本權的問題
四、國家保護義務與比例原則之運用
伍、展望
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