| 關 鍵 詞： |
言論自由；言論流通媒介；營業自由；網咖；基本權競合 |
| 中文摘要： |
臺灣於 1995 年出現第一家「網路咖啡」後，隨著網路電玩產業的熱潮，網路咖啡業迅速蓬勃發展，但也隨之帶來治安及青少年身心健康保護等問題。各級地方自治團體紛紛立法對網咖業加以管制，例如：營業場所距離限制、未成年人禁入時段、監視攝影設備設置等。長久以來，我國關於此類管理措施的合憲性討論，多聚焦於工作權、營業自由或青少年的人格發展自由是否遭受侵害，鮮少討論相關規定對人民言論自由的影響。
本文認為參考美國經驗，從言論自由的角度檢驗相關規定，實較能周全體察各方當事人的利益，而非僅侷限於網咖經營者的營業利益。尤其，相關規定所涉及者並非一般行業，於司法審查時若能彰顯言論自由的考量，至少一併審查相關規定對於相關權利主體言論自由可能的妨害，實較能精確反應網咖作為言論活動、資訊流通重要門戶的地位。
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| 英文關鍵詞： |
Freedom of Speech；Medium of Speech；Cyber Café；Property Right；Competition of Rights |
| 英文摘要： |
Taiwan's first cyber café was opened in 1995. The business soon boomed due to the popularity of online games amongst all age groups. However, concerned that cyber cafés are turning into dens of truancy and causing public safety problems, local lawmakers quickly passed laws to regulate the business by limiting their location, restricting minors from entering the same, and requiring the installation of security cameras thereat, etc. In Taiwan, when the constitutionality of these regulations is under review, courts and academia have routinely focused their analyses on the regulations’ impact on individuals’ right to work, right to property, and the right to free development of minors' personality. Such regulations9 burden on freedom of speech has never been explored before.
This article suggests that the U.S. approach, which analyzes the constitutionality of cyber café regulations based on freedom of speech principles, can take more parties’ interests into account instead of focusing solely on the café owners’ economic interests or merely those interests of minors’ to free development. This article also believes that such approach better reflect the important role cyber cafés play as a gateway to the information super highway and as a distinctive modem new location for information dissemination.
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| 目 次： |
壹、問題的提出
貳、網咖與言論自由的保障：網咖作?言論自由保障的主體？
一、表達意見、陳述事實的主體受到言論自由保障普遍獲得承認
二、對言論、資訊流通「媒介」的管制也涉及言論自由限制
參、以言論自由檢視網咖相關管制措施合憲性的操作
一、須取得營業許可方得營業
二、營業場所地點的限制
三、未成年人禁入時段的限制
四、監視攝影設備設置的要求
五、禁止瀏覽、使用特定內容的網站或遊戲
肆、被遺忘的言論自由：以言論自由或營業自由審查的差異？
一、我國對於「言論」的認識不足，對於「言論自由」的保障也有漏洞
二、以言論自由加以審查對相關規定合憲性判斷的影響
伍、結論
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