| 關 鍵 詞： |
遺產分割；公同共有；共有；全體同意；多數決同意；分割行為；處分行為 |
| 中文摘要： |
民法第一一六四條規定，「繼承人得隨時請求分割遺產。但法律另有規定或契約另有訂定者，不在此限。」而目前送立法院審議中之民法繼承篇修正草案，第二項增定，法院於必要時得將遺產分割為共有，第三項增定，繼承人得以多數決之方式將遺產分割為共有，第四項則增定，應對其他繼承人為通知或公告。
遺產之分割涉及公同關係之終止，必公同關係終止後始得消滅公同共有關係，而遺產之公同共有關係消滅後，遺產之不可分性打破，始得進行遺產之清算，即遺產分割行為。
故本文將先討論遺產分割之前提，即現行民法第一一六四條所規定之遺產分割請求權之意義，並探討目前送立法院審議中之民法繼承篇修正草案第一一六四條所增訂有關公同共有遺產權利變動之情形，及其與相關法規適用所生之問題。
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| 英文關鍵詞： |
Partition of the Inheritance；Co-Ownership in Common；Co-Ownership；Unanimity Rule；Simple Majority Rule；Partition Action；Disciplinary Action |
| 英文摘要： |
The Civil Code article 1164 which states “An heir may at any time demand the partition of the inheritance unless it is otherwise provided by law or agreed upon by contact”, is currently under amendment by the legislative Yuan, Republic of China (Taiwan). The second paragraph shell be added to article 1164 under the draft amendment now states “The court when deemed necessary may partition inheritance into co-ownership”, and the third paragraph shell be added “Inheritor may use majority rule to partition inheritance into co-ownership”.
For the duration of the relationship in common, neither of the owners-in-common shall demand the partition of the thing held in common. After the relationship in common of the heritage is extinguished, the liquidation of the inheritance, that is, the partition of the thing held in common begins.
Therefore, this article will first discuss the exercise the right of claims for partition of the inheritance, then discuss the addition of Article 1164 of the draft amendment, and the problems arising from the application of relevant laws and regulations.
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| 目 次： |
壹、前言
貳、遺產分割請求權之行使
一、公同關係之終止
二、共有財產之清算
參、共有物之分割行為是否適用土地法第三十四條之一
一、實務立場
二、學者見解
三、本文看法
肆、遺產公同共有變為分別共有之性質
一、是否為共有物之變更行為
二、是否為共有物之處分行為
三、是否為共有物之分割行為
四、本文看法
伍、結論
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