| 關 鍵 詞： |
法律責任；組織責任；器官捐贈；器官移植；檢驗 |
| 中文摘要： |
本文先說明器官移植前的捐贈與檢驗過程所可能產生的法律責任，並說明美國的統一解剖捐贈法中，對於整個器官捐贈、摘取、移植過程，賦予醫院與相關人員的責任免除規定。但即便有該法的大範圍責任免除規定，美國亦曾發生過因器官移植前的檢驗沒作好，導致被捐贈者感染受害的糾紛，最後法院判決醫院敗訴。而臺灣大學醫學院附設醫院的愛滋器官捐贈事件，受害者可能均與醫院和解，故未提出訴訟，但倘若未來仍有類似案例，醫院仍有機會要負擔民事賠償責任。
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| 英文關鍵詞： |
liability；organizational lability；organ donation；organ transplant；examinations |
| 英文摘要： |
What the liabilities will come from organ donations and examinations? It will be discussed at first. In the U.S., to foster organs donations and transplants, congress passed the Uniform Anatomical Gift Act in 1968, which immunes the hospitals and related personnel from liability produced from the procedure affiliate with the procurement and transplant. Even with the Uniform Anatomical Gift Act, there was a case in which examinations didn't done well, and resulted in serious infections in the patients. In that case, court ruled that the examinations didn't fit within the medical standard of care, and it was hospital who should undertake liability. This scenario was the same with HIV- infectious-organ-transplants-incidents happed in National Taiwan University in 2011. And I will argue that, if patients didn’t settle with National Taiwan University, it was the hospital which should undertake the organizational liability.
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| 目 次： |
壹、前言
貳、侵權行為
一、過失侵權
二、故意侵權的可能性
三、醫院的責任
參、美國統一解剖捐贈法的責任減免
肆、器官摘取之家屬同意問題
伍、器官捐贈之篩檢及其責任
一、美國 1975 年 Ravenis v. Detroit Gen. Hosp. 案
二、臺大醫院愛滋器官捐贈事件
（一）協調師之過失
（二）未由醫生判讀檢驗結果
陸、結語
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