| 關 鍵 詞： |
濕地保育法；零淨損失；生態；生態功能；生態復育基準；生態補償；生態特徵 |
| 中文摘要： |
濕地保育法首度引進零淨損失與生態補償作為保育之措施。各種管理、利用濕地自然資源應達到面積與生態功能零淨損失的目標。本文以比較法方式討論零淨損失的具體內容，並發現我國尚未確認濕地零淨損失目標。第二部分則是接續討論以濕地零淨損失的目標設定下，因為欠缺評估濕地生態的定義，亦尚未確認生態功能、生態復育基準等所應該調查的項目與內容的相關技術準則，以致於難以估計有一致的結果，恐難做成可供主管機關判定生態補償措施與否的依據。建議主管機關應該依職權確認零淨損失的目標之外，亦應修法確認生態的定義並應強化生態功能一詞在濕地法上的適用程度與頻率，同時應增加制定一致的生態調查方式與程序，以協助主管機關瞭解濕地的整體生態的內容，也才能夠控制開發利用行為，達成保育濕地的效果與目的。
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| 英文關鍵詞： |
Wetland Conservation Act；no net loss；ecology；ecology function；ecology conservation standards；mitigation compensation；ecology character |
| 英文摘要： |
In the Wetland Conservation Act, Taiwan adopted the updated concepts and measures of “no net loss” and “mitigation compensation” for further protection of wetland resources. The Act mandates every wetland management measure and use of wetland resources to achieve the target of “no net loss.” This article presents a comparative legal analysis of the meaning of the term “no net loss” as used in the laws of Taiwan, the United States, and the European Union as well as in the Ramsar Convention. A critical finding of this study is that the responsible agency in Taiwan has not yet confirmed the target of the “no net loss” policy. Without properly defining wetland ecology or the methodologies or standards for investigating wetland ecology function and ecology recovery, the responsible agency is unable to apply a single unified standard to decide whether particular mitigation compensation measures should be implemented and installed by developers. Therefore, this article proposes that the responsible agency must confirm and announce its adoption of the “no net loss” target as soon as practicable. Second, the Act must be revised to properly define wetland ecology and ecology function. Additionally, the responsible agency should adopt more regulations or enforcement rules for investigating wetland ecology. Doing so may help improve the government’s understanding of Taiwan’s overall wetland ecology, which may enable it to exercise proper control over development activities. The expected outcome of implementing the article’s recommendations is heightened protection of wetland resources in Taiwan.
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| 目 次： |
壹、前言
貳、零淨損失內容之比較分析
一、拉姆薩公約零淨損失的內容
二、歐盟零淨損失的內容
三、美國零淨損失的政策與內容
四、我國零淨損失的內容
五、檢討與比較
六、小結與建議
參、濕地法中生態與生態功能之定義與內容
一、生態功能的定義
二、我國濕地保育法中生態功能的定義
三、小結
肆、結論與建議
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