| 關 鍵 詞： |
光害；光污染；公害救濟；公害糾紛處理法；德國聯邦公害防治法 |
| 中文摘要： |
光害，主要是由室外照明的建築物之立面照明、道路照明、廣場照明、廣告照明及景觀照明等，所產生的干擾光對人、環境、天文觀測、交通運輸等造成負面影響。國際照明委員會（CIE）將之稱為刺眼光或侵擾光（Obtrusive Light）。近年來，LED 製成的光源、裝飾燈與中大型廣告看板，大量使用在全世界人口密度高與人潮聚集的地區，由於LED的高亮度、動態變化及多彩的特性造就了各式的光害來源。近年亦有國人向環保署及地方環保單位反映，受廣告招牌、照明設備或陽光反射後之光害影響；是以，對於光害影響及管理與後續救濟，需有進一步的關注與瞭解，以維護國人健康。本文主在探討光害納入我國公害範圍之影響，在其權利義務尚未健全制度下，公害糾紛處理法為救濟手段如何能妥為執行或有窒礙難行之處，並以德國法為主要比較對象。最後也提出建議，針對納入公告範圍之評估及衝擊實施說明。
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| 英文關鍵詞： |
Light Pollution；Public Nuisance Relief；Public Nuisance Dispute Mediation Act；German Federal Law on Pollution Prevention and Control |
| 英文摘要： |
Light pollution is the negative impact mainly caused by the buildings with outdoor lighting, such as facade lighting, road lighting, square lighting, advertising lighting and landscape lighting. The International Commission on Illumination (CIE) give the terms: glare or obtrusive light. In recent years, the LEDs light sources, the LED decorative lights, and the medium-to-large advertising billboards made of LEDs have been widely used in areas with high population density and crowds all over the world. Due to the high brightness, dynamic changes, and colorful characteristics of LEDs, various types of light pollution have been created. In recent years, some citizens have reported to the Environmental Protection Agency and the local environmental protection branch that they are affected by light pollution caused by advertising signs, lighting equipment, or sunlight reflections. Therefore, further attention and understanding for the impact of light pollution, management and follow-up rescue package are needed in order to maintain the health of the people in our country. This article mainly discusses the impact of light pollution being included in the public nuisance of our country. Under the system of rights and obligations that has not yet been perfected, how can the Public Nuisance Dispute Mediation Act be properly implemented as a relief plan. Finally, suggestions are also put forward to explain the evaluation and impact implementation included in the scope of the announcement.
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| 目 次： |
壹、問題之提出
貳、光害之要義
一、光害的種類與原由
二、光害之法性質與特性
三、光害之管制措施
四、小結
參、各國光害之相關環境法
一、歐洲國家
二、美國
三、亞洲國家
四、評析
肆、我國公害糾紛處理法vs.德國聯邦公害防治法之差異
一、我國處理機制
二、德國聯邦公害防治法之救濟途徑
三、同異
伍、光害納入我國公害範圍之影響
一、適用公害裁判外紛爭解決機制（ADR）的「利與弊」
二、光害納入公糾法之考量
三、公糾法與民法之競合空洞化
四、公告光害之法效力衝擊
五、評析
陸、代結論：光害管制專法及裁判外紛爭解決機制之整備芻議
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