關 鍵 詞: |
問題保險公司;替代解決機制;保險業務移轉;金融服務與市場法;第7部分移轉 |
中文摘要: |
本文之主旨,在於研究英美法之特殊保險業務移轉機制,並為我國提出建議。我國既有之問題保險公司處理機制有限,且啟動與主管機關介入之時點相對較晚,實際上保險公司多已經陷入經營危機而難以回復,又安定基金之額度可能不足,整體問題頗多。再者,保險公司業務往往具有已發生而未報告之損失與長尾責任之問題,可能導致保險人財務受損,影響全體保戶之權益。英國與美國近年來發展保險業務移轉法制,作為問題保險公司之替代處理機制之一,其旨在允許保險公司經一定審查程序後,可將保險業務之全部或一部予其他保險人,以了結未了責任,改善營業,使全體被保險人受益。相對之下,我國對於保險業務移轉雖有原則性規範,應有參考之必要與實益。本文乃先分析保險業之未了責任、我國現行法與其不足之處,再介紹英國與美國之規範,並檢視英國法院對於業務移轉計畫妥適性判斷之案例與判斷標準。最後,綜合英美法與我國法,為我國提出建議與修正草案。
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英文關鍵詞: |
troubled insurance companies;alternative mechanisms;transfer of insurance business;Financial Services and Markets Act;Part VII transfer |
英文摘要: |
The purpose of this paper is to analyze statutory insurance business transfers in the U.K. and U.S., and then provide proposals for Taiwan. The mechanisms of troubled insurance companies in Taiwan are not perfect. Relevant issues include limited approaches, the late timing of inception and intervention by the authorities, a small possibility of recovery for insurance companies from occurred business crises, and an insufficient amount in the Insurance Guaranty Fund. Moreover, the insurance business often faces issues regarding incurred but not reported losses and long-tail liability, thereby causing financial distress for insurers and influencing all policyholders. In recent years, the U.K. and U.S. have promoted insurance business transfers as alternative mechanisms for troubled insurance companies. The purpose is to improve insurance companies’ business operations and avoid business crises by allowing the transfer of all or part of the business after a series of processes and reviews. This mechanism w ill help finalize unsettled liabilities, improve the insurer’s business, and eventually benefit all policyholders. In comparison, Taiwan currently only has vague principles for insurance business transfers. Thus, it’s worthwhile to consider the laws of the U.K. and U.S. This paper will begin by analyzing the unsettled liabilities of insurers, Taiwan’s current regulations and their insufficiencies. It will then introduce the regulations of the U.K. and U.S. Subsequently, the paper will examine the factors, cases, and developments influencing decisions on the appropriateness of insurance business schemes in U.K. courts. Finally, by considering the laws of the U.S., U.K., and Taiwan, this research will provide legislative recommendations for Taiwan.
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目 次: |
壹、前言 貳、問題之提出 一、保險業之未了責任與業務移轉 二、目前保險業之處理機制及其限制 (一)有限風險移轉 (二)整批再保險 (三)併購或其他方式 (四)小結 三、我國保險法制與業務移轉之問題 (一)問題保險公司處理機制與安定基金 (二)強制性業務移轉 (三)任意性業務移轉 四、問題之提出 參、保險業務移轉之基礎模型:英國法之規範 一、背景與定義 二、運作架構與被保險人之保護 三、獨立專家 四、通知、說明與聽證 五、計畫之提出與評價 六、法院批准與審查標準 七、評析 肆、後續影響與發展:美國法之規範 一、Rode Island 州 (一)目的與適用對象 (二)受保護單位 (三)程序 (四)審查程序、標準與效力 二、Vermont 三、Oklahoma 四、評析 伍、審查標準:以 The Prudential Assurance Company Limited & Rothesay Life plc 案為例 一、高等法院(High Court of Justice)判決 (一)事實與爭點 (二)判決理由 (三)結果 二、上訴法院(Court of Appeal)判決 三、後續影響 四、評析 陸、我國法之建構方向 一、目的與功能 二、本質與定位 三、整體架構 (一)被保險人之同意權、異議或退出權 (二)通知 (三)三階層機制 柒、結論
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