| 關 鍵 詞: |
實踐社群;單元教學研究;學校本位課程發展;活動理論;課程評鑑 |
| 中文摘要: |
學校實施新課綱教師有撰寫課程計畫、公開課、素養導向教學、課程評鑑、發展學校本位課程、持續專業發展等任務。學校可利用既有的領域教學研究會、年級或年段教師群組成若干實踐社群,以單元教學研究作為實作領域,社群成員共同備課設計該單元之素養導向教學和評量活動,再分工輪流公開授課、觀課和共同議課,完成意義驅動與展化的單元課程評鑑,進一步再改寫該單元的課程計畫,既可優化教科書商全國通用的罐頭式課程計畫和提升校訂課程品質,同時也完成新課綱的任務。當學校的教師實踐社群累積到一定數量的單元課程評鑑後,再由課程發展委員會進行這些單元課程評鑑的後設評鑑,優化學校本位課程總體架構的中系統和大系統,促進學校本位課程的持續發展。最後,根據研究發現的啟發提出幾點建議供參考:學校領導人宜善用分散式領導以提升學校效能、發展教師實踐社群以領域實作提升教師專業資本、以教師實踐社群實作單元教學研究發展學校本位課程。
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| 英文關鍵詞: |
activity theory;community of practice;curriculum evaluation;lesson study;school-based curriculum development |
| 英文摘要: |
With the implementation of new curriculums guidelines, teachers are tasked with developing lesson plans, teaching demonstration classes, competency-based teaching, curriculum evaluation, developing school-based curriculums, and engaging in continuous professional development. Schools can utilize existing subject teaching research groups, grade-level or cross-grade teacher groups to form several communities of practice, using lesson study as the domain of practice. Community members collaborate on designing competency-based teaching and assessment activities for the unit, then take turns in teaching demonstration classes, observing lessons, and having group lesson debriefs. They complete meaning-driven and expansive unit curriculum evaluation, further revising the unit lesson plans. This enhances the quality of schoolbased curriculums over publisher’s one-size-fits-all curriculum plans and fulfills the new curriculum requirements. When the communities of practice in a school have accumulated a certain number of unit curriculum evaluations, the curriculum development committee then conducts meta-evaluation of these unit evaluations to optimize the overall framework of the school-based curriculum. This facilitates continuous development of the school-based curriculum. Finally, based on the inspiration of research findings, several suggestions are made: School leaders could leverage distributed leadership to improve school effectiveness. Teacher communities of practice should be developed for domain-based practice to enhance teachers’ professional capital. Lesson study by teacher communities of practice can be utilized to develop school-based curriculums.
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| 目 次: |
壹、前言 貳、學校實施新課綱整合任務的槓桿解發想 一、以活動理論分析學校課程發展委員會的運作 (一)活動理論 (二)以活動理論分析課程發展委員會的運作和分工 二、單元教學研究和教師公開授課、優化課程計畫、課程評鑑的關係 (一)單元教學研究的歷程包含了教師公開授課 (二)單元教學研究具備優化課程計畫的潛在可行性 (三)單元教學研究可以順手完成意義驅動與展化的單元課程評鑑 三、教師實踐社群的定義說明 四、參、學校實施新課綱的挑戰:活動理論的第一級和第二級矛盾以教師實踐社群實作單元教學研究之活動理論分析 一、第一級矛盾 (一)教師的課程意識和轉化能力 (二)教師對領域課程評鑑的迷思概念 二、第二級矛盾 (一)素養導向教學與評量教案格式和教師設計能力的矛盾 (二)社群領導人和社群成員互動品質好壞的矛盾 肆、教師實踐社群實作單元教學研究發展學校本位課程的想像 一、想像 1:教師實踐社群實作單元教學研究 二、想像 2:實踐社群實作單元教學研究而發展學校本位課程 伍、建議~代結語:學校實施新課綱整合任務化繁為簡的槓桿解 一、發展學校教師實踐社群以領域實作化解第一、二級矛盾以提升教師專業資本 二、學校領導人宜善用分散式領導化解社群之間的第四級矛盾以發揮學校效能 三、以教師實踐社群實作單元教學研究發展學校本位課程:學校實施新課綱整合任務化繁為簡的槓桿解
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