| 關 鍵 詞: |
家庭手足數;家庭社經地位;家庭資源稀釋理論;學習成就 |
| 中文摘要: |
本研究以基隆市國中生學習狀況資料庫資料,探討九年級生家庭為獨生子女與四位子女在學習成就差異,兩群學生各有 102 名與 77 名,透過獨立樣本平均數 t 檢定與迴歸分析的研究顯示:兩群子女在家庭社經地位、八個領域的學習成就沒有明顯不同,而獨生子女的自我教育期望明顯高於家庭有四位子女者。獨生子女為女生的國文、英語、自然、藝文及綜合活動學習成就明顯高於男生,而家庭有四位子女為女生僅在綜合活動領域學習成就明顯高於男生,其他七個領域則是男女生沒有明顯差異。兩群子女的家庭社經地位愈高,國文、數學、社會、自然領域的學習成就愈高。獨生子女在自我教育期望愈高,國文、英語、數學、社會及自然領域的學習成就愈好;然而家庭為四位子女之自我教育期望對各領域學習成就沒有明顯影響。兩群子女在學習成就和家庭社經地位沒有明顯不同,這與家庭資源稀釋理論論點不同,也就是與刻板印象認為子女數多,學習成就會愈差有落差。這是重要研究結果,研究中深入討論,提出建議供實務參考。
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| 英文關鍵詞: |
family siblings;family socioeconomic status;family resource dilution theory;academic achievement |
| 英文摘要: |
This study used the data from the learning status database of junior high school students in Keelung City to explore the differences in academic achievement between the only child and the children of the family with four children. These two groups of children had 102 and 87 samples respectively. Through independent samples of mean t-test and regression analysis, the conclusions showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups of children in terms of family socioeconomic status and academic achievement in the eight fields, and the self-education expectations of only-children were significantly higher than those of families with four children. Girls who were the only child had significantly higher academic achievements in Chinese, English, nature, art and comprehensive activities than boys, while girls with four children had significantly higher academic achievements than boys in the field of comprehensive activities, and the other seven fields are both boys and girls No noticeable difference. The higher the socioeconomic status of the family with only child and four children, the higher the learning achievement in Chinese, mathematics, social, and natural fields. The higher the selfeducation expectations of the only child, the better the learning achievements in Chinese, English, mathematics, social and natural fields; however, the children’s self-education expectations of four-child families had no significant impact on the learning achievements in all fields. There was no significant difference in academic achievement and family socioeconomic status between an only-child family and a four-child family, which was obviously different from the theory of family resource dilution, that is, there was a clear gap with the stereotype that more children will lead to poorer academic performance. This is an important finding of this study, and relevant suggestions are provided for practical reference.
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| 目 次: |
壹、緒論 貳、文獻探討 一、家庭手足數與家庭資源稀釋理論? 二、性別、家庭手足數、家庭社經地位、自我教育期望與學習成就關係之研究 參、研究設計與實施 一、研究架構與研究假設理論? 二、變項定義 三、研究工具 四、資料來源及研究對象 五、資料處理 肆、研究結果與討論 一、家庭社經地位、自我教育期望與各個領域學習成就情形 二、獨生與四位子女家庭社經地位、自我教育期望、八個領域學習成就差異“? 三、獨生與四位子女家庭社經地位對學習成就影響的分析結果> 四、綜合討論 伍、結論與建議 一、結論 (一)家庭為獨生子女與四位子女在家庭社經地位和八個領域學習成就沒有明顯不同,而獨生子女的自我教育期望明顯高於家庭中有四位子女者 (二)獨生子女除了數學、社會、健體領域沒有男女明顯差異,其餘領域都是女生學習成就明顯高於男生。而四位子女除了女生在綜合活動領域學習成績明顯高於男生之外,其餘領域都是男女生沒有明顯差異 (三)獨生子女與四位子女的家庭社經地位愈高,國文、數學、社會、自然領域的學習成就愈高,其他領域則否 (四)獨生子女自我教育期望愈高,國文、英語、數學、社會及自然領域學習成就愈好;家庭為四位子女的自我教育期望對各領域的學習成就沒有明顯影響 二、建議 (一)基隆市國中、教師及家長宜提出家庭為獨生子女與四位子女之教養策略,以提升學習成就表現 (二)教師宜運用多元的學習策略來提高獨生兒子的學習成就 (三)學校、教師及家長應注意家庭社經地位較低的獨生子女與四位子女的學習成就,尤其學校與教師應提出扶助學習策略協助低社經地位家庭子女 (四)教師與家長應鼓勵四位子女家庭子女建立自我教育期待,提升他們的學習成就 (五)未來研究應納入控制變項與長期追蹤獨生子女與四位子女的學習成就表現
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