| 關 鍵 詞： |
社會工作；童年逆境經驗；助人特質；專業認同；中介效果 |
| 中文摘要： |
童年逆境經驗（adverse childhood experience, ACE）指 18 歲之前遭遇對身心健康發展具潛在負面影響的創傷事件，此經驗可能形塑獨特的人格特質，也可能對專業認同有影響，在助人工作領域尤為重要。本研究參酌個人心理與社會環境等理論，建構「ACE→助人特質→專業認同」的中介效應模型，深入探究其中的關係。分析資料為「臺灣各大學社會工作學系學生社工特質與專業職能研究」，此為全國 30 所大學社工系大四在學生的問卷調查，有效樣本數為 2,282 人。
本研究有下列重要發現：一、四成以上社工系學生在進大學之前曾有 ACE 經歷。二、ACE 對於助人特質的養成、助人特質對於社工專業認同皆有正向效用。三、在 ACE 對社工專業認同的影響路徑中，助人特質發揮完全中介的作用，即 ACE 透過助人特質，間接影響專業認同。四、並非所有助人特質有一致的效應，熱情使命、內省反思、同理心、溝通表達四者扮演「ACE 至專業認同」正向的中介角色，團隊合作是負向作用；至於洞察力、毅力的效果則不顯著。本研究有助於理解 ACE 在助人特質、專業認同形成過程的心理機制，文末對於教育體系與政府部門提出政策建議。
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| 英文關鍵詞： |
Social work；adverse childhood experiences (ACE)；helping characteristics；professional identity；mediating effect |
| 英文摘要： |
Adverse childhood experience (ACE) refer to traumatic events encountered before the age of 18 that have a potential negative impact on physical and mental health development. This experience may shape unique personality traits and potentially influence professional identity, which is particularly significant in the helping professions. Drawing upon theories from individual psychology and social environment, this study constructs a mediating relationship model of “ACE→helping characteristics→professional identity” to deeply explore these relationships. The data analyzed comes from the “Study on social work characteristics and professional competencies of university social work students in Taiwan,” a nationwide survey of senior-year social work students from 30 universities, yielding an effective sample size of 2,282.
The study has the following important findings: 1. Over 40% of social work students had experienced ACE before entering university. 2. ACE have a positive effect on the development of helping characteristics, and helping characteristics also have a positive effect on social work professional identity. 3. In the pathway of ACE influencing social work professional identity, helping characteristics play a role of completed mediation, meaning ACEs indirectly affect professional identity through helping characteristics. 4. Not all helping characteristics have a consistent effect: Passion and mission, introspection and reflection, empathy, and communication and expression play a positive mediating role in the “ACE to professional identity” pathway; teamwork has a negative effect; and the effects of insight and perseverance are not significant. This study contributes to understanding the psychological mechanism of how ACEs shape helping characteristics and professional identity. Policy recommendations for the educational system and government sectors are proposed at the end of the paper.
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| 目 次： |
壹、緒論
一、研究背景
二、研究目的與問題
貳、文獻探討
一、ACE：社會工作者的重要人生歷練
二、ACE 與助人特質之理論基礎
三、社工專業認同及與ACE、助人特質之關連
參、研究設計
一、資料來源
二、研究架構與研究假設
三、變項之操作型定義
四、資料分析方法
肆、研究結果與討論
一、基本變項描述統計
二、與 ACE 相關因素的雙變項分析
三、ACE 如何影響專業認同？助人特質的中介效果
四、研究發現之重要討論
伍、結論與建議
一、結論
二、建議
參考文獻
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